Psychology
Bandura’s research showed that people are more likely to copy behavior that they expect will lead to:
· A. Positive Role
· B. Positive outcome
· C. Negative Role
· D. None of the above
Ans: (B) Positive outcome
107. Children were shown a film, and afterward, they performed the same action in an experiment by Albert Bandura. This experiment became famous with the name of:
· A. Bobo doll experiment
· B. Barbie doll experiment
· C. Marry doll experiment
· D. None of the above
Ans: (A) Bobo doll experiment
108. Alfred Binet is best remembered as the developer of:
· A. Conditioning experiments
· B. Behaviourist Psychology
· C. Behaviourist theory
· D. Intelligence Test
Ans: (D) Intelligence Test
109. Along with Théodore Simon, Binet developed the:
· A. Binet-Theodore scale
· B. Binet-Simon Scale
· C. Both A & B
· D. None of the above
Ans: (B) Binet-Simon Scale
110. Binet’s ideas about intelligence were rooted in his earlier theory of:
· A. Learning psychology
· B. Individual learning
· C. Individual psychology
· D. None of the above
Ans: (C) Individual psychology
111. Binet believed that intelligence was not a single entity. Instead, he viewed it as:
· A. Collection of specific processes
· B. Collection of different ideas
· C. Collection of multiple factors
· D. None of the above
Ans: (A) Collection of specific processes
112. According to Binet, intelligence is:
· A. Fixed
· B. Changeable without any limits
· C. Changeable within limits
· D. None of the above
Ans: (C) Changeable within limits
113. Binet termed the fixed or set intelligence opinion of the psychologists as:
· A. Actual pessimism
· B. Brutal pessimism
· C. Brutal analysis
· D. None of the above
Ans: (B) Brutal pessimism
114. Binet argued that his test avoided:
· A. Biasness
· B. Inconsistency
· C. Subjectivity
· D. All of the above
Ans: (D) All of the above
115. The Binet-Simon scale was first introduced in:
· A. 1903
· B. 1904
· C. 1905
· D. 1906
Ans: (C) 1905
116. Amongst his greatest achievements, Freud changed the way society has come to think about and treat:
· A. Physical illness
· B. Critical illness
· C. Mental illness
· D. None of the above
Ans: (C) Mental illness
117. Freud believed that human behaviors are mostly controlled by:
· A. Conscious ideas and thoughts
· B. Unconscious thinking
· C. Unconscious motives and drives
· D. Conscious motives and drives
Ans: (C) Unconscious motives and drives
118. Freud is famous for it was he who actually developed and repeatedly revised his theory of:
· A. Psychoanalysis
· B. Psychosocial analysis
· C. Intelligent design
· D. None of the above
Ans: (A) Psychoanalysis
119. Freud hypothesized that the mind is divided into three main parts:
· A. The consciousness, Unconsciousness, and subconscious
· B. The unconscious, the conscious, and the preconscious
· C. The conscious, the unconscious, and preconscious
· D. All of the above
Ans: (B) The unconscious, the conscious, and the preconscious
120. Freud created the techniques of psychoanalysis as the means of bringing material from the:
· A. Unconscious to preconscious mind
· B. Unconscious to subconscious mind
· C. Unconscious into the conscious mind
· D. Conscious to unconscious mind
Ans: (C) Unconscious into the conscious mind
121. In Freud’s theory of personality:
· A. The ego obeys the reality principle
· B. The id operates by secondary process thinking
· C. The super-ego obeys the pleasure principle
· D. None of these
Ans: (A) The ego obeys the reality principle
122. According to Freudian dream terminology, condensation refers to:
· A. Repressed urges that find disguised outlets for expression
· B. The bizarre, irrational quality of dreams
· C. The process whereby unacceptable thoughts or impulses are combined into a single dream image
· D. The process whereby one thing may stand for another in dream interpretation
Ans: (A) Repressed urges that find disguised outlets for expression
123. Lawrence Kohlberg, although a psychologist, is more regarded as a leader in the field of:
· A. Curriculum education
· B. Psychoanalysis
· C. Moral education
· D. Physical education
Ans: (C) Moral education
124. Kohlberg worked out an approach to moral development known as:
· A. Cognitive structuralism
· B. Affective structuralism
· C. Cognitive psychology
· D. None of the above
Ans: (A) Cognitive structuralism
125. The cognitive structuralism approach of Kohlberg focuses on the growing child’s processes of:
· A. Logical reasoning
· B. Sequential reasoning
· C. Moral reasoning
· D. Mental reasoning
Ans: (C) Moral reasoning
126. Kohlberg and his followers regard children as independent agents capable of thinking for themselves about:
· A. Social issues
· B. Moral issues
· C. Psychological issues
· D. None of the above
Ans: (B) Moral issues
127. The theory of cognitive structuralism or developmentalism is contrasted with the:
· A. Freudian view of moral development
· B. Behaviourist view of moral development
· C. Both A & B
· D. None of the above
Ans: (C) Both A & B
128. Kohlberg is best known for his theory known as:
· A. Cage theory
· B. Stage theory
· C. Stage and backstage theory
· D. None of the above
Ans: (B) Stage theory
129. Kohlberg divided his stages of moral development across three levels, with:
· A. Two stages at each level
· B. Three stages at each level
· C. Four stages at each level
· D. Six stages at each level
Ans: (a) Two stages at each level
130. Abraham Maslow is considered one of the founding fathers of:
· A. Socialistic psychology
· B. Pluralistic psychology
· C. Naturalistic psychology
· D. Humanistic psychology
Ans: (D) Humanistic psychology
131. Maslow spent most of his professional career in:
· A. Teaching
· B. Writing
· C. Laboratory
· D. None of the above
Ans: (A) Teaching
132. Maslow’s theory centers on the role of personality in:
· A. Psychology
· B. Values
· C. Motivation
· D. None of the above
Ans: (C) Motivation
133. Although he used animal behavior to understand some of the more basic motivational forces, Maslow was primarily interested in understanding:
· A. Human behavior
· B. Animal behavior
· C. Individual behavior
· D. Group behavior
Ans: (A) Human behavior
134. Maslow’s principles of humanistic psychology can be applied in fields such as:
· A. Education
· B. Business management
· C. Sociology
· D. All of the above
Ans: (D) All of the above
135. According to Maslow’s theory, the most pre-potent needs are:
· A. Psychological needs
· B. Sociological needs
· C. Physiological needs
· D. Self-actualization needs
Ans: (C) Physiological needs
136. According to Maslow’s motivation theory, once a person feels basically secure and has basic physiological needs met, he or she will immediately seek:
· A. Care and shelter
· B. Respect and honour
· C. Affection and belongingness
· D. None of the above
Ans: (C) Affection and belongingness
137. Maslow believed that chronic failure to meet one’s need for love would have serious implications for a person’s:
· A. Social participation
· B. Mental health
· C. Physical health
· D. None of the above
Ans: (B) Mental health
138. Ivan Pavlov won the Nobel Prize in the field of:
· A. Physiology
· B. Psychology
· C. Sociology
· D. None of the above
Ans: (A) Physiology
139. In his work on psychology, Pavlov was influenced in part by British naturalist:
· A. Froebel
· B. Thorndike
· C. Charles Hunter
· D. Charles Darwin
Ans: (D) Charles Darwin
140. The learning theory that evolved from Pavlov’s findings on conditioned reflexes became known as:
· A. Operant conditioning
· B. Classical conditioning
· C. Social conditioning
· D. None of the above
Ans: (B) Classical conditioning
141. Conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus (conditioned stimulus) with an unconditioned stimulus to create a:
· A. Conditioned response
· B. Unconditioned response
· C. Both of the above
· D. None of the above
Ans: (A) Conditioned response
