Educational Research
. The degree to which the result of a study can be extended to other settings or conditions is called:
· A. Ecological generalizability
· B. Population generalizability
· C. Environmental generalizability
· D. Both A & C
62. Sometimes it is not possible for a researcher to apply the results of urban school systems to rural school systems. This condition is an example of:
· A. Ecological generalizability
· B. Population generalizability
· C. Environmental generalizability
· D. Both A & C
63. Any part of the population of individuals on whom information is obtained is called:
· A. Sample
· B. Population
· C. Subject
· D. Both A & C
64. Samples should be as large as a researcher can obtain with a reasonable expenditure of time and energy:
· A. Small
· B. Large
· C. Constant
· D. None
65. This term refers to the kind of information researchers obtain on the subject of their research:
· A. Sample
· B. Population
· C. Response
· D. Data
66. How often are data to be collected? This question refers to the __ of collection:
· A. Location
· B. Time
· C. Frequency
· D. Administration
67. To measure math achievement, a researcher needs to have some assurance that the instruments she intends to use actually measure such achievement. She is focusing on:
· A. Validity
· B. Reliability
· C. Objectivity
· D. None
68. If the researcher tested the math achievement of a group of individuals at two or more different times, she should expect to obtain close to the same results each time. Her intention is focusing on:
· A. Validity
· B. Reliability
· C. Objectivity
· D. Generalizability
69. Whenever possible, researchers should try to eliminate __ from the judgments they make about the achievement, performance, or characteristics of a subject:
· A. Subjectivity
· B. Reliability
· C. Objectivity
· D. Generalizability
70. __ refers to the absence of biased judgment:
· A. Subjectivity
· B. Generalizability
· C. Objectivity
· D. None
71. A questionnaire is an example of a:
· A. Researcher instrument
· B. Subject instrument
· C. Information instrument
· D. Both A & B
72. A researcher interviews the president of the student council about student views on the school disciplinary code. Her responses are recorded on:
· A. Tally sheet
· B. Daily log
· C. Interview schedule
· D. Rating scale
73. The instruments that are designed to see whether and how well procedures can be followed and to assess the quality of products are:
· A. Written response instruments
· B. Performance instruments
· C. Rating scale
· D. Researcher-completed instruments
74. __ is intended merely to indicate whether a particular behavior is present or absent:
· A. Observation
· B. Rating
· C. Product rating
· D. Both B & C
74. The rating scale which describes each of the characteristics to be rated and places them on a horizontal line on which the observer is to place a check mark is:
· A. Behaviour rating scale
· B. Graphic rating scale
· C. Product rating scale
· D. Numeric rating scale
75. A big advantage of a product rating scale is that it can be done at:
· A. Any time
· B. Specific time
· C. Both A & B
· D. None
76. Before the instrument is used for collecting data, it should be:
· A. Piloted
· B. Checked
· C. Observed
· D. None
77. It is a device often used by researchers to record the frequency of the students’ behaviours, activities, or remarks:
· A. Flow charts
· B. Anecdotal record
· C. Tally sheets
· D. Daily log
78. A __ is simply a listing of various categories of activities or behaviours on a piece of paper:
· A. Tally sheets
· B. Checklist
· C. Daily log
· D. Flow charts
79. A unique sort of attitude scale that is especially useful for classroom research is the:
· A. Likert scale
· B. Semantic differentials
· C. Personality inventories
· D. Self checklist
80. A commonly used attitude scale in educational research is:
· A. Personality inventories
· B. Likert scale
· C. Semantic differentials
· D. Self checklist
81. “Kuder preference record” is an example of:
· A. Semantic differential
· B. Achievement scale
· C. Personality inventories
· D. None of them
82. __ tests are invented to measure an individual’s potential to achieve; in actuality, they measure present skills or abilities:
· A. Attitude
· B. Aptitude
· C. Pictorial scale
· D. Both A and C
83. Which test is the most objective in nature?
· A. Performance checklist
· B. Performance test
· C. Performance rating scale
· D. Projective device
84. It is any sort of instrument with a vague stimulus that allows individuals to project their interests, preferences, anxieties, prejudices, needs, and so on through their responses to it:
· A. Projective device
· B. Sociometric device
· C. Time and motion logs
· D. Checklists
85. It is frequently used to assess the climate and structure of interpersonal relationships within any environment:
· A. Sociometric device
· B. Projective device
· C. Time and motion logs
· D. Checklists
86. The scores which are particularly helpful in comparing an individual’s relative achievements on different types of instruments are called:
· A. Derived scores
· B. Raw scores
· C. Percentile ranks
· D. Standard scores
87. “A student spelled every word in the weekly spelling list correctly” is an example of:
· A. Norm Referenced evaluation
· B. Criterion Referenced evaluation
· C. Both A and B
· D. None
88. A student scored above 90 percent of all the students in the class. This is an evaluation statement of:
· A. Norm Referenced evaluation
· B. Criterion Referenced evaluation
· C. Standard score
· D. Percentile rank
89. “Temperature” is an example of which type of scale:
· A. Nominal
· B. Ordinal
· C. Interval
· D. Ratio
90. An interval scale possesses all the characteristics of an ordinal scale with one additional feature that is:
· A. An actual or true Zero point
· B. Assign no to different categories
· C. Ordered data in high or low
· D. Distance between the points on scale are equal
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