100 Hypothesis, Research Methods, and Sampling Techniques MCQs for Education Jobs
Preparing for education job tests like head teacher or lecturer positions? This comprehensive collection of Hypothesis, Research Methods, and Sampling Techniques MCQs is specially curated for candidates appearing in teaching and academic job exams. These questions will help you reinforce your understanding of research-based assessment concepts.
Educational Research & Administration MCQs
What is the purpose of coordinating in administration?
To bring harmony among all elements of the program.
Answer: Coordinating
Which administration style involves planning by the administrator and strict responsibility assignment?
Answer: Autocratic Administration
In which administration type does the administrator direct the worker to “get it yourself”?
Answer: Autocratic Administration
Which administration type involves cooperative planning and giving due credit to workers?
Answer: Democratic Administration
Which hypothesis states that no relationship exists between variables?
Answer: Null
What is another name for the null hypothesis?
Answer: Statistical Hypothesis / Maintained Hypothesis
Which hypothesis declares a relationship between two variables?
Answer: Research Hypothesis
What are the three common forms of hypothesis?
Answer: Question, Prediction, and Declarative Form
Which hypothesis form states a relationship between the concerned variables?
Answer: Declarative Form
“There is significant difference in learning with and without activities.” What form is this hypothesis?
Answer: Declarative Form
Which form of hypothesis predicts a relationship between variables?
Answer: Prediction Form
“There will be significant difference in learning with and without activities.” Which form is this?
Answer: Prediction Form
Which hypothesis form is written as a question?
Answer: Question Form
“Is there any significant difference in learning with and without activities?” What is this an example of?
Answer: Question Form
In POSDCORB, what does “CO” stand for?
Answer: Coordinating
Why is a directional hypothesis considered riskier?
Answer: Less likely to occur
Which function of administration involves making arrangements?
Answer: Organizing
Which function involves executing plans and decisions?
Answer: Commanding
A student taught by a same-gender teacher enjoys history more. What does this indicate?
Answer: Research Hypothesis
Which hypothesis form reflects high expectations of variable relationships in an experiment?
Answer: Directional Hypothesis
What is always true about hypotheses in research?
Answer: They are always tested.
What are common sources of hypotheses?
Answer: Culture, theories, experiences, and previous research.
What kind of statement is believed to be true but needs verification?
Answer: Hypothesis
What kind of statement is believed to be true without requiring verification?
Answer: Assumption
What do we call a statement that defines the expected relationship between two or more variables?
Answer: Hypothesis
Research Hypothesis and Sampling MCQs
Which hypothesis states “there is no difference between means and scores”?
Answer: Null Hypothesis
Which type of research typically does not include a hypothesis?
Answer: Qualitative Research
What is another name for a research hypothesis?
Answer: Alternative Hypothesis
How do we write the null and research hypotheses symbolically?
Answer: Null: H₀, Research: H₁, H₂, H₃
Which signs are used for research and null hypotheses respectively?
Answer: Research: >, <, ≠ — Null: =
What types can a research hypothesis be divided into?
Answer: Directional or Non-directiona
Which hypothesis states both a relationship and its direction (positive or negative)?
Answer: Directional Hypothesis
Which hypothesis states only a relationship but no direction?
Answer: Non-Directional Hypothesis
“There is no difference in achievement with or without activity-based learning.” This is an example of?
Answer: Null Hypothesis
“Motivation considerably increases learning achievement.” Which type is this?
Answer: Directional Hypothesis
“Punishment considerably decreases learning achievement.” Which type is this?
Answer: Directional Hypothesis
“There is impact of punishment on learning achievement.” Which type is this?
Answer: Non-Directional Hypothesis
“Relaxation therapy is more effective than standard patient education.” Which type is this?
Answer: Directional Hypothesis
“There is a significant difference in population mean between Method A and Method B.” This reflects what?
Answer: Positive Hypothesis
What supports a directional hypothesis?
Answer: Literature, personal experience, and experience of others
What is the second step in the problem-solving method?
Answer: Formulation of Hypothesis
What is the foundation of experimental research?
Answer: Hypothesis
What does a simple hypothesis show?
Answer: Relationship between two variables
What does a complex hypothesis show?
Answer: Relationship between more than two variables
Which hypothesis is verified using logic?
Answer: Logical Hypothesis
Which hypothesis is verified using statistics?
Answer: Statistical Hypothesis
What do we call the group selected for research?
Answer: Population
Who makes up a population in research?
Answer: All members of a real or hypothetical group
What is the first step in sampling?
Answer: Define the Population
If 700 biology majors at GC University are studied, what do they represent?
Answer: Population
Educational Research & Sampling Techniques MCQs
Who makes up the group of interest that a researcher wants to study and generalize results to?
Answer: Population
What do we call the population from which a researcher selects a sample to generalize results?
Answer: Target Population
What portion of the population does a researcher have reasonable access to?
Answer: Accessible Population
What do we call a study that collects data from every member of the population?
Answer: Census Study
What is the representative group selected by a specific procedure from the population called?
Answer: Sample
What do we call the specific procedure used to select a representative group from the population?
Answer: Sampling
What is the process of selecting units from a population to estimate its characteristics called?
Answer: Sampling
In research, what is the difference between a population and a sample?
Answer: Population is the group of interest; sample is its subset
Which sampling technique helps achieve greater representation in a sample?
Answer: Proportional Sampling Technique
Why is sampling useful in research?
Answer: Because the research involves a large unit, not everyone can be measured, and sampling provides a smaller, representative group.
Answer: All of the above
If a population is divided into homogeneous subgroups and random samples are taken from each, what is this method called?
Answer: Stratified Sampling
Which technique helps achieve greater sample representation?
Answer: Proportional/Random Sampling Technique
What are the two basic types of sampling?
Answer: Probability Sampling & Non-Probability Sampling
Which sampling method gives each individual an equal chance of selection?
Answer: Random Sampling
What is another name for random sampling?
Answer: Probability Sampling
What is another name for non-random sampling?
Answer: Non-Probability Sampling
Which are examples of random sampling?
Answer: Systematic, Stratified, Cluster, Proportionate, and Simple Random Sampling
Which are examples of non-random sampling?
Answer: Purposive, Convenient, Snowball, Quota, Double/Multistage Sampling
What kind of selection do random sampling techniques ensure?
Answer: Equal and independent chances
What should a researcher do for efficient and convenient results?
Answer: Define the population clearly and choose the accessible population
Which sampling method does not offer equal chances to all individuals?
Answer: Non-Random Sampling
What is a classic example of simple random sampling?
Answer: Lottery Method
In which sampling method are individuals selected from a list at specific intervals?
Answer: Systematic Sampling
Which method is suitable for studying the prevalence of Hepatitis by gender and year in Pakistan?
Answer: Systematic Sampling
Which sampling method is generally used when the population is finite?
Answer: Systematic Sampling
Educational Research & Sampling Techniques MCQs
Which sampling technique ensures the same proportion of individuals in a sample as in the population?
Answer: Stratified Sampling
Which sampling method selects entire groups instead of individuals?
Answer: Cluster Sampling
Which sampling method is best suited for research problems involving a heterogeneous population?
Answer: Stratified Sampling
What do we call groups of members that share common characteristics within a population?
Answer: Strata
What is the name of the sampling technique where the population is divided into groups, and samples are taken in stages?
Answer: Double/Multistage Sampling
Which sampling technique selects samples from each subgroup in proportion to their size in the population?
Answer: Proportionate Sampling
Which technique is typically used when the target population is spread across a wide geographic area?
Answer: Cluster Sampling
Which sampling method randomly selects intact groups instead of individuals?
Answer: Cluster Sampling
When a list of all population members is unavailable, which sampling method should researchers apply?
Answer: Cluster Random Sampling
In which sampling method is every 10th individual in a list selected?
Answer: Systematic Sampling
Which sampling method ensures representation of subgroups?
Answer: Systematic Sampling
Which method selects individuals based on intervals from a population list according to the sample size?
Answer: Systematic Sampling
What is the minimum sample size per group in experimental research?
Answer: 15 per group
In which sampling technique do participants help identify other potential participants?
Answer: Snowball Sampling
Which non-random sampling method selects participants based on specific characteristics and convenience?
Answer: Purposive Sampling
Which sampling method selects participants based on fixed numerical quotas?
Answer: Quota Sampling
How many main parts does a research report have?
Answer: Three
What do we call the second or middle part of a research report?
Answer: Main Body
What is the last section of a research report?
Answer: Appendices
Which type of sampling is essential for experimental research?
Answer: Random Sampling
What key element in content-related validity concerns the sampling evidence?
Answer: Evidence of the Sampling
Which types of population are rarely available to researchers?
Answer: Actual Population and Target Population
When the population and sample distributions are equal, what do we call the sample?
Answer: More Representative
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