Pedagogy MCQs With Answers
- Holy prophet Muhammadﷺ was born in 571 in Makkah and 632 AD in Madina)
- رَّبِّ زِدْنِى عِلْمًا (O my Lord! Advance me in Knowledge is a verse of surah Ta-Ha 20:114
- First Revelation was held on 610 AD, First five verses of surah Alalaq revealed to the last Holy Prophet ﷺ at cave Hira (at the age of 40 years)
- The very first word revealed was “IQRA” means read.
- Holy Prophet ﷺestablished first formal school established at Hazrat Arqam bin Abi al arqam’s house in Makkah. e.Arqam
- Holy Prophet ﷺafter migration to Madina in 622AD homeless, relative less Sahaba used to reside in masjid Nabvi to learn Quran, hadith from Holy Prophet ﷺ it was Suffah
- earqam (Makkah) and Suffah (Madina) were established by Holy Prophet ﷺ
- Suffa meaning shaderesidents of Suffa were named as Ashab e Suffa.
- It was first residential Islamic university. Suffah
- Now a days Suffa is called Dikat al-agawat
- “It would be end of this world if the offices were assigned to illiterate people” Holy Prophet ﷺ
- “Knowledge without practice is dangerous” Holy Prophet ﷺ
- “Seeking knowledge is mandatory for all” (men, women) Holy Prophet ﷺ
- Allah sent me as a teacher. ‘بعثني معلّم Holy Prophet ﷺ
- Dars-i Nizami is a study curriculum used in many Islamic institutions Madrassas
- The Dars-i Nizami system was developed byNizamuddin Sihalivi S/o Mula Qutb Din (1748 ), Uttar Pradesh State, India.
- Dars-i Nizami duration is 08 years, It Provide Aalim degree
- Dars-i Nizami presented during The age of emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur
- The Holy Prophet ﷺdelivered his instruction to woman to a week
- Focus on function of brain not on structure, against structuralism Functionalism
- How Consciousness changes according to environment. Functionalism
- Function of mind is important than structure. Functionalism
- Consciousness or experience cannot be broken into structures. Functionalism
- Pavlov, Hall, Pavlov, Lashley, Tolman, Skinner, Edward L. Thorndike are
- John B. Watson said love, fear & anger are 3 Basic emotions.
- Fear is master emotion, Limbic system is often calledemotional brain.
- Emotion arise abruptly anddie slowly
- It was against structuralism and functionalism schools of Psychology.
- Consciousness cannot be observed/seen/proved scientifically.
- Environment is a sole factor that shapes personality and behavior
- Introduced scientific method to study behavior.
- Introduced reward, reinforcement to influence behavior.
- Introduced new ideas of program learning
- It is against introspection method
- Koffka, Kohler, Kurt Lewin are exponent of Gestalt
- Learning by insight is other name of Gestalt theory
- ‘Gestalt’ is a Germanword meaning whole. (Combining parts)
- Term “insight” .(Learning by insight) is used to describe human behavior Gestalt
- It promotes the study of whole behavior, whole is different from its parts.Gestalt
- Against the structuralism Gestalt
- Human activity cannot be broken down into elements. Gestalt
- Kohler performed experience on learning by insight.
- Theory gives more value to human beings, human free will Humanist
- Negative or unpleasant consequences are Punisher
- Positive, pleasant consequences are
- A reinforce that can be touched is Concrete reinforcer
- Self appraise or slef motivation is self-reinforcer.
- Gesture, sign to communicate well is social reinforcer
- Voluntary and goal directed behavior is Operant behavior.
- Biological (inherited/genetic or inborn) reinforcer is primary reinforcer
- Acquired (environmental/learning based) reinforcer is secondary reinforcer
- Motivation of inner pleasure isIntrinsic and motivation of external reward is Extrinsic
- Behavior related to particular stimulus Respondent behavior.
- Behavior not clearly related to particular stimulus Operant behavior.
- Use of consequences to strengthen behavior Reinforcer
- Use of consequences to weaken behavior Punishment
- Observable reaction to stimulus is
- Learned response to previously neutral stimulus or responses evoked by conditional stimulus CS is conditioned response
- Teacher are popular in class who help students to resolve their problems
- Moral values can be developed among students if teacher himself practice them.
- Introspection method was used in Psychoanalysis
- Focus on unconscious mind, it is therapy and a theory of Freud Psychoanalysis
- It is also called psychodynamic theoryPsychoanalysis
- Unconscious mind(related with Id) is a process that happens
- Human’s conscious thoughts (mind) can’t examine this process Unconsciousness
- Subconscious Mind (related with Ego) is a secondary mind system
- It makes decisions without our needing to actively think about them, Sub-consciousness
- Conscious Mind (related with super Ego) contain thoughts we are aware.
- According Freud Personality is composed or three components id, Ego, Superego
- Idworks on pleasure principle it is Inborn and unconscious
- Egoworks Reality principle, fulfill basic needs and it is subconscious,
- Superegoworks on Moral, Ethical principle, helps in making judgments.
- The superego has two parts.The conscience, The ego ideal
- The conscienceincludes actions that are liked or disliked by society
- The ego idealincludes the rules and standards for behaviors that the ego aspires
- Transpersonal Psychology is also called Spiritual/ Transpersonal Psychology
- Transpersonal Psychology is Latest Approach
- Transpersonal means beyond the personal,
- What we think and how we feel in our altered states of awareness is Transpersonal Psychology
- Apparently losing power of voluntary actions but responsive to suggestions is Hypnosis
- Cognitive Psychology is‘white-box’ theory
- Behaviorism is sometimes called the ‘black-box’ theory.
- Cognitive psychologystudies man’s thinking, memory language, problem solving.
- Man is conscious animal said by Wilhelm Wundt Man is social animal said by Aristotle
- Aristotle wasfirst psychologist, He wrote first book on Psychology The
- There are 06 stages of physical development
- Pre-Natal StageConception to childbirth is first stage
- Infancy Birth to 2 years
- Childhood3 to 12 years it is sub divided into two stages Early childhood 3 to 6 years (Why Age) Later childhood 7 to 12 years (Gang Age)
- Adolescence13 to 19 years
- Adulthood20 to 60 years, early adulthood 20 to 40 years later adulthood 40 to 60 years
- Old Age60 Year to death
- There is no clear-cut answer regarding the morally correct action MoralDilemma
- How people think about right and wrong, acquire & apply moral rules.Moral reasoning
- Inborn automatic response to stimuli Reflexes.
- Actions that shows respect and caring for others Prosocial behavior.
- Ability of a person to analyze his thoughts is Reflectivity.
- Discrepancy between the self-concept and reality (ideal self) Incongruence self
- Accurate match between the self-concept and reality (ideal self). CongruenceSelf
- According to Carl Roger unconditional love fosterCongruence Self
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