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Holy prophet Muhammad ﷺ surah Ta-Ha 20:114 First Revelation 610 AD five verses Alalaq ﷺ Hira IQRA ﷺ first formal school Makkah e.Arqam ﷺ ﷺ Suffah Holy Prophet ﷺ shade Ashab e Suffa. Suffah Dikat al-agawat “It would be end of this world if the offices were assigned to illiterate people” Holy Prophet ﷺ “Knowledge without practice is dangerous” Holy Prophet ﷺ “Seeking knowledge is mandatory for all” (men, women) Holy Prophet ﷺ Allah sent me as a teacher. ‘ بعثني معلّم Holy Prophet ﷺ Dars-i Nizami is a study curriculum used in many Islamic institutions Madrassas The Dars-i Nizami system was developed byNizamuddin Sihalivi 1748 ), Uttar Pradesh State , India . Dars-i Nizami duration is 08 years , It Provide Aalim degree Dars-i Nizami presented during The age of emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur The Holy Prophet ﷺ Functionalism How Consciousness changes according to environment. Functionalism Functionalism Functionalism Basic emotions emotion, emotional brain. die slowly Gestalt Gestalt theory German whole Gestalt Gestalt Gestalt Gestalt learning by insight. Humanist Negative or unpleasant consequences are Punisher Positive, pleasant consequences are A reinforce that can be touched is Concrete reinforcer Self appraise or slef motivation is self-reinforcer. Gesture, sign to communicate well is social reinforcer Voluntary and goal directed behavior is Operant behavior. Biological (inherited/genetic or inborn) reinforcer is primary reinforcer Acquired (environmental/learning based) reinforcer is secondary reinforcer Motivation of inner pleasure isIntrinsic and motivation of external reward is Extrinsic Behavior related to particular stimulus Respondent behavior. Behavior not clearly related to particular stimulus Operant behavior . Use of consequences to strengthen behavior Reinforcer Use of consequences to weaken behavior Punishment Observable reaction to stimulus is Learned response to previously neutral stimulus or responses evoked by conditional stimulus CS is conditioned response Teacher are popular in class who help students to resolve their problems Moral values can be developed among students if teacher himself pract ice them. Psychoanalysis Focus on unconscious mind, it is therapy and a theory of Freud Psychoanalysis It is also called psychodynamic theoryPsychoanalysis Unconscious mind Unconsciousness Subconscious Mind It makes decisions without our needing to actively think about them, Sub-consciousness Conscious Mind id, Ego, Superego Id pleasure principle Ego Reality principle Superego works on Moral, Ethical principle The superego has two parts.The conscience The ego ideal The conscience The ego ideal Spiritual/ Transpersonal Psychology Latest Approach beyond the personal, Transpersonal Psychology Apparently losing power of voluntary actions but responsive to suggestions is Hypnosis Cognitive Psychology is‘white-box’ theory black-box’ theory. Cognitive psychology Man is conscious animal said by Wilhelm Wundt Man is social animal said by Aristotle Aristotle wasfirst psychologist, He wrote first book on Psychology The Pre-Natal Stage Infancy Childhood Why Age Gang Age) Adolescence Adulthood 20 to 60 years, early adulthood 20 to 40 years later adulthood 40 to 60 yearsOld Age Moral Dilemma How people think about right and wrong, acquire & apply moral rules.Moral reasoning Inborn automatic response to stimuli Reflexes. Actions that shows respect and caring for others Prosocial behavior. Ability of a person to analyze his thoughts is Reflectivity. Discrepancy between the self-concept and reality (ideal self) Incongruence self Accurate match between the self-concept and reality (ideal self). Congruence Self According to Carl Roger unconditional love fosterCongruence Self
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