Educational Research
. Survey studies, observational studies, and developmental studies come under:
· (a) Experimental research
· (b) Historical research
· (c) Descriptive research
· (d) Action research
Answer: (c) Descriptive research
72. Administration of the instrument on two or three respondents to find out its flaws in advance is called:
· (a) Pilot-study
· (b) Try-out
· (c) Validation
· (d) Appropriateness
Answer: (a) Pilot-study
73. An interview in which questions to be asked from the interviewee are determined in advance is called:
· (a) Open-ended
· (b) Close-ended
· (c) Structured
· (d) Unstructured
Answer: (c) Structured
74. The research study which provides data to support theory and suggests the development of new theory is referred to as:
· (a) Basic research
· (b) Applied research
· (c) Evaluation research
· (d) Action research
Answer: (a) Basic research
75. Up to the present time, educational research has:
· (a) Ignored the methodological advances of other scientific disciplines
· (b) Been influenced only by the methodology of psychology
· (c) Been influenced only by mathematical statistics
· (d) Been heavily influenced by a variety of scientific disciplines
Answer: (d) Been heavily influenced by a variety of scientific disciplines
76. A statement of a relationship between two or more events that can be used in prediction is called a:
· (a) Concept
· (b) Development theory
· (c) Generalization
· (d) Principle
Answer: (c) Generalization
77. Research that focuses on fundamental laws, theories, or processes is usually described as:
· (a) Applied
· (b) Exploratory
· (c) Basic
· (d) Hypothesis testing
Answer: (c) Basic
78. A theory is said to be powerful if it:
· (a) Is extremely accurate
· (b) Has a high degree of explanatory power
· (c) Provides an explanation for a large number of events
· (d) Is valid
Answer: (c) Provides an explanation for a large number of events
79. When the experimenter has a reasonably high expectation concerning the relationship that exists between the variables, it is most appropriate to state the hypothesis in the form of:
· (a) Directional
· (b) Interrogative
· (c) Null
· (d) Objective
Answer: (a) Directional
80. The most commonly used instruments for data collection in survey research are the:
· (a) Individual interview and situational
· (b) Standardized test and critical incident technique
· (c) Questionnaire and individual interview
· (d) Questionnaire and standardized test
81. A post-test in an experiment is sometimes called the:
· (a) Experimental treatment
· (b) Treatment variable
· (c) Experimental variable
· (d) Dependent variable
Answer: (d) Dependent variable
82. The basic goal of educational Research & Development is to:
· (a) Discover new knowledge
· (b) Develop research-based products
· (c) Improve existing education products
· (d) Test educational materials
Answer: (b) Develop research-based products
83. The method section of a thesis usually contains:
· (a) The literature review and hypotheses
· (b) The research design, subjects, and measures
· (c) The definition of terms, literature review, and data analysis procedures
· (d) The research design and literature review
Answer: (b) The research design, subjects, and measures
84. Following are the categories of research type by method:
· (a) Action and historical
· (b) Basic and applied
· (c) Descriptive and action
· (d) Experimental and casual-comparative
Answer: (d) Experimental and casual-comparative
85. If the results of test and retest are the same, it is in fact:
· (a) Objectivity
· (b) Reliability
· (c) Validity
· (d) Usability
Answer: (b) Reliability
86. The type of research which deals with classroom problems:
· (a) Applied
· (b) Descriptive
· (c) Action
· (d) Experimental
Answer: (c) Action
87. The ultimate focus of the scientific method is on:
· (a) Hypothesis formulation
· (b) Observation
· (c) Formulation of a law/theory
· (d) Experimentation
Answer: (c) Formulation of a law/theory
88. The degree to which a test consistently measures whatever it measures is called:
· (a) Validity
· (b) Reliability
· (c) Rationality
· (d) Equality
Answer: (b) Reliability
89. The degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure is:
· (a) Validity
· (b) Reliability
· (c) Rationality
· (d) Equality
Answer: (a) Validity
90. The highest, most precise level of measurement is:
· (a) Ordinal scales
· (b) Nominal scales
· (c) Interval scales
· (d) Ratio scales
91. The lowest level of measurement is represented in:
· (a) Ordinal scales
· (b) Nominal scales
· (c) Interval scales
· (d) Ratio scales
Answer: (b) Nominal scales
92. The arithmetic average of the scores is:
· (a) Mode
· (b) Median
· (c) Mean
· (d) Main
Answer: (c) Mean
93. The score attained by more subjects than any other score is:
· (a) Mode
· (b) Median
· (c) Mean
· (d) Main
Answer: (a) Mode
94. While writing a research report one should be:
· (a) Subjective
· (b) Objective
· (c) Introspective
· (d) Interpretive
Answer: (b) Objective
95. The past events are studied best in:
· (a) Experimental research
· (b) Qualitative research
· (c) Quantitative research
· (d) Descriptive research
Answer: (b) Qualitative research
96. Equal and independent chance of selection is in:
· (a) Statistical sampling
· (b) Cluster sampling
· (c) Random sampling
· (d) Systematic sampling
Answer: (c) Random sampling
97. The representation of a subgroup is in:
· (a) Statistical sampling
· (b) Cluster sampling
· (c) Random sampling
· (d) Systematic sampling
98. Where groups are randomly selected it is:
· (a) Statistical sampling
· (b) Cluster sampling
· (c) Random sampling
· (d) Systematic sampling
Answer: (b) Cluster sampling
99. Where a number of individuals are selected from a list decided by the number of objects desired for sampling is called:
· (a) Statistical sampling
· (b) Cluster sampling
· (c) Random sampling
· (d) Systematic sampling
Answer: (d) Systematic sampling
100. The size of a sample depends on:
· (a) Population
· (b) Research type
· (c) Researcher
· (d) Convenience