Educational Research
. Doctors say that symptoms like Susie’s occur only 5 percent of the time in healthy people. To be safe, however, he decides to treat Susie for pneumonia. But the doctor is wrong. Susie’s treatment was unnecessary and possibly unpleasant and expensive. Which type of error is it:
· A. Type I error
· B. Type II error
· C. Type III error
· D. None
152. The t-test is a statistical test used to see whether a difference between the means of two samples is significant:
· A. Parametric
· B. Non-parametric
· C. Inferential technique
· D. Both a & c
153. Doctors say that the symptoms like Susie’s occur 95% of the time in healthy people. In his judgment, therefore, her symptoms are a false alarm and do not warrant treatment, and he decides not to treat Susie for pneumonia. Doctor is wrong; Susie should be treated, otherwise, she may suffer serious consequences. Which type of error is this?
· A. Type 1 error
· B. Type 2 error
· C. Type 3 error
· D. None
154. If two randomly selected groups of 8th graders were exposed to two different methods of teaching for a semester and then given the same achievement test at the end of the semester, their achievement scores could be compared using a:
· A. MANOVA
· B. ANOVA
· C. T-test
· D. None
155. Which test is used to compare the mean scores of the same group before and after the treatment of some sort is given:
· A. t-test
· B. t-test for independent means
· C. t-test for dependent means
· D. t-test for correlated means
156. A researcher is using ANOVA as he/she desires to find out whether there is a significant difference between the means of:
· A. Same groups
· B. Independent groups
· C. More than two groups
· D. Dependent groups
157. ANOVA is also used when more than one independent variable is investigated:
· A. t-test
· B. ANOVA
· C. MANOVA
· D. None
158. ANOVA enables the researcher to adjust the post-test mean score on the dependent variable for each group to compensate for the initial differences between the groups on the pre-test.
· A. t-test
· B. ANOVA
· C. MANOVA
· D. None
159. Several covariates can be used in ANOVA tests. Here the term covariate is used for:
· A. Pre-test
· B. Post-test
· C. Test
· D. Groups
160. The t-test for proportion is the most commonly used parametric test that is used for analyzing:
· A. Quantitative data
· B. Qualitative data
· C. Categorical data
· D. None
161. The chi-square test is a non-parametric technique that is used to analyze data that are reported in categories:
· A. Parametric
· B. Non-parametric
· C. Both a & b
· D. None
162. This test is based on a comparison between expected frequencies and actual obtained frequencies:
· A. t-test
· B. The Sign test
· C. The Chi-Square test
· D. The Man Whitney U-test
163. The test that is a non-parametric alternative to t-test, used when a researcher wishes to analyze ranked data, is:
· A. T-test
· B. The Sign test
· C. The Chi-Square test
· D. The Man Whitney U-test
164. The Friedman two-way analysis of variance is a technique under the umbrella of:
· A. Parametric
· B. Non-parametric
· C. Contingency
· D. None
165. The significance levels most commonly used in educational research are:
· A. 0.5 and 0.1 level
· B. 0.00 and 0.001 level
· C. 0.02 and 0.01 level
· D. None
166. Statistical significance and practical significance are not necessarily the:
· A. Different
· B. Same
· C. Equal
· D. Both b & c
167. A two-tailed test involves the use of probabilities based on both sides of a sampling distribution because the research hypothesis is a:
· A. Non-directional hypothesis
· B. Significant hypothesis
· C. Directional hypothesis
· D. None
Here is the continuation of questions and answers from Dogar’s Testmaster:
168. Parametric tests are generally, but not always, more than non-parametric tests:
· A. Weak
· B. Greater
· C. Powerful
· D. None
169. When researchers examine the relationship between quantitative variables within a single group, the appropriate technique is the scatter plot and:
· A. Reliability coefficient
· B. Correlational coefficient
· C. Cross break tables
· D. Contingency coefficient
170. Of the many types of research that might be used, the is the best way to establish the cause and effect relationships among variables:
· A. Observation
· B. Interview
· C. Experiment
· D. None
171. In experimental research, the dependent variable is also known as:
· A. Treatment variable
· B. Criterion variable
· C. Outcome variable
· D. Both b & c
172. Variables like method of instruction, types of assignment, learning material, attention span, motivation, and attitude are examples of:
· A. Independent variable
· B. Dependent variable
· C. Criterion variable
· D. Both a & b
173. Experimental research enables the researcher to go beyond:
· A. Description
· B. Prediction
· C. Identification of relationship
· D. All a, b & c
175. Random assignment means that every individual who is participating in an experiment has an equal chance of being assigned to any of the experiment or control conditions being compared:
· A. Correlational study
· B. Experimental study
· C. Causal-comparative study
· D. Action study
176. Suppose a researcher wishes to see if a new textbook increases student interest in history. He uses the textbook for a semester and then measures student interest with an attitude scale. Which experimental design is being used by the researcher here:
· A. The non-group pre-test-post-test design
· B. The one-shot case study
· C. The static group comparison design
· D. The random control pre-test-post-test design
177. The experimental design used to eliminate the possible effect of a pre-test is:
· A. The randomized Solomon four-group design
· B. The one-shot case study
· C. The static group comparison design
· D. None
178. These designs are used by researchers when it is not possible or ethical for them to withdraw a treatment and return to baseline:
· A. Single subject design
· B. Multiple baseline design
· C. A-B-C-B design
· D. None
179. The researcher study in which there is no manipulation of variables is called:
· A. Causal-comparative study
· B. Correlational study
· C. Experimental study
· D. Survey study
180. Correlational research is also sometimes referred to as a form of:
· A. Descriptive study
· B. Qualitative study
· C. Quantitative study
· D. None