Management
.76. Management is about coping with complexity while leadership is about coping with change.
a. True★
b. False
77. Trait research provides a basis for selecting the “right” person to assume formal positions requiring leadership.
a. True★
b. False
86. Which of the following is NOT a dimension of trust?
a. Integrity
b. Competence
c. Loyalty
d. Distance★
87. The ability to inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the company is part of:
a. Transformational leadership
b. Reward leadership
c. Transactional leadership
d. Feminine leadership
88. Leaders demonstrating charisma use language to do which of the following?
a. To influence followers’ perception of the world
b. To influence the meaning of events
c. To influence visions of the future
d. All of the above★
89. A study of twenty organizations that reorganized themselves around teams identified four specific roles for managers. Which of the following is NOT one of those roles?
a. Liaisons with external constituencies
b. Senior managers★
c. Troubleshooters
d. Conflict managers
90. ________ is a senior employee who sponsors and supports a less-experienced employee.
a. Mentor★
b. Facilitator
c. Leader
d. Coach
91. Which of the following is NOT a determinant of an organization’s structure?
a. Strategy
b. Organization
c. Industry
d. Technology
92. Changes in corporate strategy precede or lead to:
a. Changes in the environment
b. Better communication
c. Increased productivity
d. Changes in structure★
93. Process reengineering requires businesses to organize around which type of process?
a. Vertical
b. Horizontal★
c. Parallel
d. None
94. What is action research?
a. Analysis of flow sheets
b. Diagnosis
c. Systematic collection and analysis of data★
d. Overload
1. Resistance can be:
a. Covert
b. Overt
c. Immediate
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
2. Refreezing involves:
a. Movement to a new state
b. Implicit change
c. Making a new change permanent
d. All of the above
Answer: c. Making a new change permanent
3. The arrangement of one’s workplace is important primarily because:
a. It significantly influences social interaction.
b. It signifies status.
c. It affects the security of confidential information.
d. It affects workers’ health.
Answer: a. It significantly influences social interaction
4. Which programs focus on employees’ mental and physical condition?
a. Fitness programs
b. Health programs
c. Alternative programs
d. Wellness programs
Answer: d. Wellness programs
5. Educational Administration is a discipline within the study of education that examines:
a. The administrative theory
b. The practice of education in general
c. Educational institutions and educators
d. All of these
Answer: d. All of these
6. What is the duty of administrators?
a. To set the academic tone and work actively with teachers to develop and maintain high curriculum standards
b. To formulate mission statements
c. To establish performance goals and objectives
d. All of these
Answer: d. All of these
7. Which is NOT one of the steps in the rational decision-making model?
a. Defining the problem
b. Identifying the decision criteria
c. Rating alternatives
d. Debating pros and cons
Answer: d. Debating pros and cons
8. People with an analytic style of decision-making are:
a. Directive
b. Analytic
c. Conceptual
d. Behavioral
Answer: b. Analytic
103. Which of the following is NOT an organizational constraint on decision-making?
a. Performance evaluation
b. Reward system
c. Personality
d. Formal regulations
Answer: c. Personality
104. Decisions made so as to provide the greatest good for the greatest number are based on:
a. Utilitarianism
b. Justice
c. Rights
d. Profits
Answer: a. Utilitarianism
105. The reality of a situation is what is behaviorally important.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a. True
106. Expectations can distort your perceptions in that you will see what you expect to see.
a. True
b. False
Answer: a. True
107. Which of the following statements is true?
a. All leaders are managers
b. All managers are not leaders
c. Leadership is always formal.
d. Non-sanctioned leadership is not as important as formal influence.
Answer: b. All managers are not leaders
108. Which theory states that people are born with certain characteristics that predispose them to being leaders?
a. Trait theory
b. Path-goal theory
c. LPC
d. Contingency theory
Answer: a. Trait theory
109. Consideration of __________ was missing from the behavioral theories.
a. Traits
b. Situational factors
c. Employee satisfaction
d. Employee turnover
Answer: b. Situational factors
110. Fiedler’s contingency model assumes that an individual’s leadership style is:
a. Changeable
b. Trained
c. Situational
d. Fixed
Answer: d. Fixed
111. What is the main function of an Administration?
a. It prepares code of ethics, laws, security policies, rules and regulations.
b. It exercises authority
c. To check the organization only
d. A & B
Answer: d. A & B
112. School administration follows the same principles as followed by:
a. Educational administration
b. College administration
c. University administration
d. None
Answer: a. Educational administration
1. The universal process of efficiently getting activities completed with and through other people is called:
a. Management
b. Organization
c. Administration
d. Both b and c
Answer: a. Management
2. The term management is reserved for profit-making organizations, while administration is more readily acceptable in:
a. Profit-making organizations
b. Non-profit-making organizations
c. Both a and b
d. Autonomous bodies only
Answer: c. Both a and b
3. Deciding what to do, why to do, and when to do is the main objective of:
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Coordinating
d. Controlling
Answer: a. Planning
4. Once the reasons for the organization’s existence are made clear through the statements of major objectives, administrators will establish sub-objectives and formulate:
a. Theory
b. Decisions
c. Forecast
d. None
Answer: c. Forecast
5. The establishment of relationships between the activities to be performed, the personnel to perform them, and the physical factors that are needed comes under:
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Coordinating
d. Controlling
Answer: b. Organizing
6. All employees need and expect to be:
a. Managed
b. Led
c. Supervised
d. Guided
Answer: c)
7. The function of reviewing, regulating, and controlling performance to ensure that it will conform to certain standards is called:
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Coordinating
d. Controlling
Answer: d. Controlling
25. Commanding is the more formal and directive way of what we call today:
a. Leading
b. Controlling
c. Coordinating
d. Organizing
Answer: a. Leading
26. Max Weber was a German:
a. Sociologist
b. Engineer
c. Construction contractor
d. Psychologist
Answer: a. Sociologist
27. Hawthorne studies were conducted under the supervision of:
a. Elton Mayo
b. Urwick
c. Gulick
d. James D. Mooney
Answer: a. Elton Mayo
28. Weber developed a theory of authority structures and described organizational activity based on authority relations called:
a. Management theory
b. Scientific Management theory
c. Bureaucratic model
d. Organizational Humanist theory
Answer: c. Bureaucratic model
29. Mary Parker Follet made significant contributions in the areas of:
a. Management
b. Scientific management
c. Human relations movement
d. Motivation
Answer: d. Motivation
30. Bureaucratic model is characterized by:
a. Division of labor
b. Personal interaction
c. Selection and promotion based on merits
d. Both a and c
Answer: d. Both a and c
33. The process of problem definition, alternative development, alternative appraisal, and solution selection is called:
a. Planning
b. Forecasting
c. Decision making
d. Commanding
Answer: c. Decision making
34. Simon’s “Administrative Behaviour” was probably the most important contribution of the:
a. 1940
b. 1956
c. 1960
d. 1970
Answer: a. 1940
35. In contrast to the Human Relationist view, which assumes happy workers are productive workers, the Behavioural Integrationists have been:
a. Goal oriented
b. Efficiency oriented
c. Decision oriented
d. Both a and b
36. Chris Argyris has consistently argued for __________ in organizations:
a. Specific principles
b. Democracy
c. Specific goals
d. None
Answer: b. Democracy
37. The 1960s were the decades of:
a. Power dynamic movement
b. Organizational-Humanist movement
c. Systems movement
d. Contingency movement
Answer: c. Systems movement
38. The system movement can be easily described as input absorbers and output generators:
a. Transformers
b. Processors
c. Situations
d. None
39. System advocates have recognized that a __________ in any factor within the organization has an impact on all other organizational or subsystem components:
a. Change
b. Decision
c. Plan
d. Manipulation
Answer: a. Change
40. In the 1970s, there arose a theme, originally proposed by __________, that power was the important element in understanding administration:
a. Chris Argyris
b. Douglas McGregor
c. Weber
d. Herbert Simon
96. “The leader behavior should be altered according to the employee’s readiness/maturity to complete tasks.” This is the main assumption of:
a. Hersey and Blanchard situational leadership theory
b. Path–Goal theory
c. Fiedler contingency theory
d. Adlerfer’s ERG theory
Answer: b
97. One individual has the responsibility of monitoring and controlling the work. This comes under:
a. Mutual adjustment
b. Direct supervision
c. Standardization of work
d. Leadership
Answer: b. Direct supervision
98. Workers coordinate their efforts through a simple process of informal communication. This is called:
a. Mutual adjustment
b. Direct supervision
c. Standardization of work
d. Leadership
Answer: a. Mutual adjustment
99. Those who perform the basic work/activities directly related to the production of products and services are called:
a. Support staff
b. Techno structure
c. Strategic Apex
d. Operating Core
Answer: d. Operating Core
100. In school systems, Principals are:
a. Middle line
b. Techno structure
c. Strategic Apex
d. Operating core
101. This type of leader lets subordinates know what is expected of them by setting performance standards:
a. Supportive
b. Directive
c. Achievement-oriented
Answer: b. Directive
102. According to Fayol, administrative behavior consists of:
a. Planning, controlling
b. Planning, organizing, leading, controlling, commanding
c. Planning, organizing, controlling, commanding, coordinating
d. Planning, organizing, coordinating, controlling
Answer: c. Planning, organizing, controlling, commanding, coordinating
103. Who coined the new term “POSDCORB”:
a. Luther Gulick
b. Henry Fayol
c. W. Taylor
d. Cooke
Answer: a. Luther Gulick
104. To the administrative managers, organization was the basic principle of:
a. Chain of command
b. Division of labour
c. Span of control
d. Homogeneity
Answer: b. Division of labour
105. The number of workers supervised directly is a definition of:
a. Chain of command
b. Division of labour
c. Span of control
d. Homogeneity
Answer: c. Span of control
106. __________ is information about the system that enables the organization to correct itself.
a. Feedback
b. Opinion
c. Census
d. None
Answer: a. Feedback
107. The process by which a group of regulators acts to maintain a steady state among the system components is called:
a. Homogenises
b. Homeostasis
c. Equilibrium
d. None
Answer: b. Homeostasis
108. Chester Bernard was one of the first proponents of:
a. Open system
b. Closed system
c. Social system
d. Natural system
Answer: a. Open system
109. Herbert Simon used the concept of __________ as a focal point for a formal theory of work motivation:
a. Homogenises
b. Homeostasis
c. Equilibrium
d. None
110. The school organization as we know it today can accurately be described as a highly developed bureaucracy concluded by:
a. Max Abbot
b. Hoy
c. Kolesar
d. Caracheo
Answer: A Max abbot
111. __________ offer a possible solution as they interpret formalization as an organizational technology and identify two types of formalizations.
a. Adler and Borys
b. Damanpour and Craig
c. Michaels and Senatra
d. Hoy and Sweetland
Answer: a. Adler and Borys
131. Norms in any organization define:
a. Rules and regulations
b. Explicit means to guide behavior
c. End of human behavior
d. Standards of performance
Answer: b
132. From a theoretical perspective, administrative practice within an organization is enhanced by:
a. Formal components
b. Informal components
c. Formal and informal components
d. Formalization and standardization
Answer: c. Formal and informal components
133. Reproducer of patriarchy, reinforce of domination is a specific feature of:
a. Democracy
b. Interpersonal relationship
c. Bureaucracy
d. Informal norms
Answer: c. Bureaucracy
134. Loose coupling means:
a. The event that coupled events are responsive
b. Evidence of physical and logical separation
c. Refers to a variety of situations
d. All above
Answer: d. All above
135. Charles Bidwell noted structural looseness in school organization in:
a. 1955
b. 1965
c. 1975
d. 1985
Answer: b. 1965
136. Characteristics of professional orientations are:
a. Hierarchical orientation
b. Disciplined compliance
c. Subordination to the organization
d. None
Answer: d. None
137. The primary beneficiary of a service organization is:
a. Buyer
b. Client
c. Professional
d. Market
Answer: b. Client
138. The socialization process begins with the experience of:
a. Student teaching
b. Professional teaching
c. Organizational teaching
d. Professional orientation
Answer: a. Student teaching
139. Loose coupling perspective offers a/an __________ addition to bureaucratic theories:
a. Un-useful
b. Unique
c. Useful
d. Distinctive
Answer: c. Useful
140. Division of labor promotes __________ in an organization:
a. Organization
b. Formal structure
c. Hierarchicalization
d. Specialization
Answer: d. Specialization
141. All organizations, including schools, have:
a. Hierarchical structure
b. Bureaucratic structure
c. Instructional activities
d. Structural looseness
Answer: a. Hierarchical structure
142. The horizontal axis of Blake and Mouton’s Managerial Grid mainly concerns:
a. Production
b. Efficiency
c. Behavior
d. Work output
Answer: a. Production
143. The ability to reprimand, demote, or use other means of penalizing is a type of __________ power:
a. Legitimate
b. Reward
c. Coercive
d. Referent
Answer: c. Coercive
