Educational Research
.1. The most immediate way of obtaining information from the world is our:
o A. Perceptions
o B. Senses
o C. Observations
o D. Expert opinion
2. The scientific method provides us another way of obtaining information that is:
o A. Accurate and reliable
o B. Valid and reliable
o C. Valid
o D. Both A and B
3. The tentative explanation of observation is called:
o A. Hypothesis
o B. Interpretation
o C. Discussions
o D. Investigations
4. The real value of scientific research is that it can be:
o A. Justified
o B. Concerned
o C. Replicated
o D. Focused
5. An attempt by a researcher to find out whether a particular theory of how children learn to read can be applied to the first graders who are non-readers is an example of:
o A. Basic research
o B. Action research
o C. Applied research
o D. Survey research
6. A study that examines the effects of particular teacher behaviours on students while also testing a theory of personality is an indicator of:
o A. Basic research
o B. Causal-comparative research
o C. Applied research
o D. Both A and C
7. If the cat is in the basket and the basket is in the box, the cat therefore has to be in the box. This leads to:
o A. Scientific judgment
o B. Sensing
o C. Intuition
o D. Logical reasoning
8. The approach that requires no manipulation on the part of the researcher other than administering the instruments necessary to collect the data desired is:
o A. Single subject approach
o B. Survey approach
o C. Correlational approach
o D. Causal-comparative approach
9. The type of research that deals with documenting and portraying the everyday experiences of individuals by observing and interviewing them is:
o A. Survey research
o B. Ethnographic research
o C. Historical research
o D. Action research
10. Biography, phenomenology, case study, and grounded theory come under research:
o A. Survey research
o B. Ethnographic research
o C. Historical research
o D. Action research
11. In ‘biography,’ the main focus of the researcher is to study:
o A. A particular phenomenon
o B. Important experiences in the life of an individual
o C. Detailed and extensive study of a person’s life
o D. To develop a theory
12. Instead of searching for powerful generalizations, the researcher focuses on getting information that will enable them to change conditions in a particular situation in which they are personally involved:
o A. Action
o B. Survey
o C. Historical
o D. Both A and C
13. The primary methodology used in intervention research is:
o A. Survey
o B. Hypothesis
o C.Experiment
o D.None
15. Positivist researchers assume that the world is made up of:
· A. Single reality
· B. Multiple realities
· C. Both A and B
· D. None
16. Sometimes researchers use both quantitative and qualitative approaches in the same study. This kind of research is referred to as:
· A. Mixed method research
· B. Survey research
· C. Historical research
· D. Action research
17. An attempt to reduce the limitation of individual studies by trying to locate all of the studies on a particular topic is called:
· A. Critical analysis
· B. Meta-analysis
· C. Multiple realities
· D. None
18. Anything that is taken for granted rather than tested or checked is called:
· A. Observation
· B. Hypothesis
· C. Assumption
· D. Evaluation
19. Ethnography research is one form of research:
· A. Quantitative
· B. Qualitative
· C. Both A & B
· D. Action research
20. “How do parents feel about the school counseling program?” is an example of:
· A. Survey research
· B. Ethnographic research
· C. Interview research
· D. Correlational research
21. A good research question should always have all factors except:
· A. Clarity
· B. Bias
· C. Feasibility
· D. Ethical
22. If all members of the class are identical and do not have a variable, such a characteristic is called:
· A. Quantitative variable
· B. Constants
· C. Categorical variables
· D. Both B & C
23. The variables that do not vary in degree, amount, or quantity but are qualitatively different are called:
· A. Quantitative variable
· B. Constants
· C. Categorical variables
· D. Both B & C
24. Age, height, amount of interest, and motivation show:
· A. Quantitative variable
· B. Constants
· C. Categorical variables
· D. Both B & C
25. A variable that is presumed to affect or somehow influence at least one other variable is called:
· A. Manipulative variable
· B. Independent variable
· C. Dependent variable
· D. Treatment variable
26. Whenever a researcher sets up experiment conditions, one or more variables are created. Such variables are called:
· A. Manipulative variable
· B. Treatment variable
· C. Dependent variables
· D. Both A & B
27. In the hypothesis “Anxiety affects test performance, but the correlation is markedly lower for students with test-taking experience,” the independent variable is:
· A. Anxiety level
· B. Test-taking experience
· C. Test performance
· D. Effect of test on anxiety level
28. Once researchers have decided which variable to study, they must be concerned about the influence or effect of other variables that exist. Such variables are usually called:
· A. Moderator variable
· B. Extraneous variable
· C. Manipulative variables
· D. Dependent variable
29. One way to control extraneous variables is to hold them:
· A. Constant
· B. Unchanged
· C. Simple
· D. Fixed
29. A student taught history by a teacher of the same gender will like the subject more than a student taught history by a teacher of different gender. This statement shows:
· A. Research objective
· B. Research question
· C. Research hypothesis
· D. Research aim
30. One main disadvantage of stating a hypothesis is that it may be on the part of the researcher:
· A. Many in no
· B. More sophisticated
· C. Biased
· D. Both A & C